All listenership, readership, viewership rates for specific media outlets in these articles represents the habits of regular media users and not the overall population.
The survey referenced in these articles was designed to capture information based on the population distribution of recent media consumers: “what are the demographics of those who have watched TV, listened to the radio, read a newspaper in the past week” as opposed to what percentage of the adult population has watched TV or listened to the radio.
KEY COMMUNICATION AND DEVELOPMENT WEBSITES AND PROJECTS
World Bank Country Profile and Projects_Mozambique
World Bank Knowledge Economy Index
WHO Health Statistics- Mozambique
UNESCO Edcuation Statistics
UNDP Human Development Indicators- Mozambique
Amnesty International- Mozambique
Global Voices- Mozambique
Mobileactive.org- Mozambique Statistics
Freedom House Map of Press Freedom 2009
World Bank Governance Matters Indicators
Mozambique Communicating with Women
For Women In Mozambique- Radio Coupled with Community Engagement Might Be the Way To Go
Girls and young women in Mozambique are more vulnerable to infection because they often lack the power to refuse unsafe sex, choose their partners and generally influence sexual behavior. Women account for more than half of adults estimated to be living with HIV/AIDS in Mozambique -- 57 percent according to the IMF. UNICEF estimates that 810,000 women in Mozambique are infected.
Women’s access to communication and media devices in Mozambique is linked to their socioeconomic status. The IMF reports that within the adult population, the illiteracy rate is higher for women (71.3 percent) than for men (43 percent) (Source: IMF- Poverty Reduction Strategy in Mozambique). This translates into less financial freedom and thus less access to these devices independent of the male members in their households. It also means women show lower newspaper readership than men, lower internet use and a lower use of SMS messages. Television viewership, especially cable and satellite television, is still limited to urban areas, and may not be the best way to target messages to women.
As a result of these factors, transmitting information to women in Mozambique represents a challenge. While parts of the country where AIDS is most prevalent (South and Central) are more economically developed, women still have limited access to media other than radio. In this context, development organizations need to focus on information dissemination on radio stations women are most likely to listen to, coupled with a more direct and community engagement -- education programs at the local/provincial levels; the use of drama and music; and community radio stations.
| Internews, a international organization dedicated to media development, distributed radios among women in Eastern Chad, and ensured they would tune in, in groups, when women-centric programming was broadcast on the stations operated by Internews in that region (more info, see here) |
Most Mozambicans, including women, listen to the radio at home. Women are less likely to be employed or be as mobile as men, so they are less likely than men to listen to radio in public places, while driving or at the workplace.
However, our media diary survey showed that women who listen to the radio weekly are more likely than men to listen “at another household” (32 percent versus 25 percent men).
Development organizations can focus on this and on target groups of women by distributing cheap, battery-operated radios among women and encouraging communal listening. In addition -- after careful study of the kind of programs and times during which they tune in during the day -- local programming and relevant information can be broadcast to women through community radio stations.
| Also See |
| Communicating About AIDS with Youth in Mozambique |
| Key Recommendations for Developing a Communication Strategy to Combat HIV/AIDS in Mozambique |
Most-Listened-To Radio Stations Among Women Across Regions
Southern Mozambique (see Chart 1), has a plethora of private radio stations in addition to the dominant state-run Radio Mocambique (RM). As a result, many other stations dominate weekly listenership among women and RM listenership is lower than in other regions. Many women also listen to the entertainment based-private channels such as 99 fm, Radio Cidade (state run but youth oriented), S FM and K FM. More women than men listen to Radio Maria, a religious radio station in southern Mozambique.
In central Mozambique, along with RM and Radio Cidade, the international stations Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RDP) and BBC are also somewhat popular with women. Radio SIRT (most listened to in Tete province) and RadioMiramar (most listened to in Sofala -- the province with highest HIV/AIDS rates) also rank among the top channels.
In northern Mozambique, where the HIV/AIDS incidence rates are the lowest, radio stations are also rare. Besides state-run RM, there are very few private radio stations in any of the provinces. As a result, many of the local community radio stations have moderate listenership among women -- especially Radio e Television (RTV)-C and RTV-N and Radio Communitaria. 
Opinion on Radio (see Table 1 below): In addition to preferences for particular radio stations and radio listening locations, women also think differently about the radio as a medium. While men are more likely than women to listen to the radio to keep informed on political issues, women like to listen to international broadcasts (specially in central Mozambique) and stations that broadcast in their vernacular languages. 
Pictures Courtesy: tonrulkens via Flickr
Information was sourced from
Mozambique Aids Profile/Summary from University of California, San Francisco